{"created":"2023-06-19T10:31:27.331073+00:00","id":6162,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"9a8ab243-168d-46b4-902c-b88be032a6e4"},"_deposit":{"created_by":2,"id":"6162","owners":[2],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"6162"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:toyo-bunko.repo.nii.ac.jp:00006162","sets":["486:530:534"]},"author_link":["10521"],"item_10001_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2007-03","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"4","bibliographicPageEnd":"470","bibliographicPageStart":"443","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"88","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"東洋学報"},{"bibliographic_title":"The Toyo Gakuho","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10001_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Irṣād is a key concept for understanding the Islamic legal status of' waqf (pious endowment) pertaining to land in Egypt and Syria under the Ottomans. On the basis of this concept declaring that all arable land belongs in principle to the state, waqfs in land, referred to as “irṣād” or “waqf irṣādī”, were distinguished from other waqfs established from private property and were treated as part of the state-owned land rulers allotted for charitable purposes.According to the classical doctrine concerning waqf established in the ninth century, only the private property of the wāqif (founder) was to be designated as waqf. Therefore, since the doctrine considered waqfs in land to be inconsistent with the concept of state landownership, the endowment of arable as waqf was relatively limited during the classical period. However, the situation from the twelfth century on changed, wherein military rulers established a great number of religious institutions under the slogan of a “Sunni revival.” Consequently, the endowment of state land as income sources for these newly established institutions came into vogue and was legitimized under the logic that the practice was valid whenever a ruler judged that it would benefit the public welfare (maṣlaḥa).From the middle of the fourteenth century on, powerful figures exploited waqf-institutions as loopholes for protecting their p1ivatcly held assets, resulting in the acceleration of the sale of state-owned land and the conversion of that land into waqfs, as well as the dismantling of the traditional Mamluk state structure based on the iqṭāʻ system and tax revenues from state lands. Be that as it may, the ulama, whose livelihood depended on income from waqfs, doubled their efforts to legalize the endowment of state-owned land under the logic of maṣlaḥa and the power of res judicata. Although al-Balāṭunusī challenged the legitimacy of such action based on the current situation regarding waqfs, his opinion was not generally accepted.Finally, during the late Mamluk period, based on al-Bulqīnī’s fatwa issued in1379, al-Suyūṭī defined waqfs involving state land as “irṣād,” creating a new category of waqf. According to his definition, based on the assumption that waqf in land continued to belong to the state, these waqfs were regarded as the part of state property providing for the ulama, who had the right to draw sustenance from state assets, not just direct stipends from state coffers.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10001_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"東洋文庫"}]},"item_10001_source_id_11":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00169858","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_10001_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0386-9067","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"五十嵐, 大介"},{"creatorName":"イガラシ, ダイスケ","creatorNameLang":"ja-Kana"},{"creatorName":"IGARASHI, Daisuke","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{},{},{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2018-08-22"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"gakuho01_88-4-05.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"5.0 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"gakuho01_88-4-05.pdf","url":"https://toyo-bunko.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/6162/files/gakuho01_88-4-05.pdf"},"version_id":"44f16b49-b0ae-4f9d-9e27-939233d0c698"},{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2018-08-22"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"gakuho02_88-4-03e.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"180.7 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"gakuho02_88-4-03e.pdf","url":"https://toyo-bunko.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/6162/files/gakuho02_88-4-03e.pdf"},"version_id":"9bea2a31-5806-45c6-bb2e-113dddacd1ea"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"journal article","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"「国有地ワクフ」をめぐるイスラーム法上の議論―12～16世紀","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"「国有地ワクフ」をめぐるイスラーム法上の議論―12～16世紀"},{"subitem_title":"Islamic Legal Disputes Concerning the Waqf-Endowment of State-Owned Land between the Twelfth and Sixteenth Centuries","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10001","owner":"2","path":["534"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2018-07-30"},"publish_date":"2018-07-30","publish_status":"0","recid":"6162","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["「国有地ワクフ」をめぐるイスラーム法上の議論―12～16世紀"],"weko_creator_id":"2","weko_shared_id":2},"updated":"2023-06-19T12:23:02.933654+00:00"}