@article{oai:toyo-bunko.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005894,
 author = {佐藤, 仁史 and SATO, Yoshifumi},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {東洋学報, The Toyo Gakuho},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {In this article, I have observed the political changes in late Qing and early Republican China, through the analysis of the speeches and actions taken by Qin Xitian (秦錫田 1861-1940), One of the local elites in Shanghai county, where the establishment of a new political order was an urgent issue. As a result, I have reached the following conclusions.Over the rural area of Jiangnan delta in the early 20th century, the community united through the domination of the elite based on marketing towns was an actual working unit of the “local society”. From the 19th century, this “local society” was informally related to official power via the local elite. After the introduction of the local self-government system, it was incorporated into the lowest level of administrative organization as xiang (郷). Consequently it became a formal political unit, and came to face the official power directly through political opportunities such as the assembly. For the local elite who promoted the movement of local self-government, the state should be constructed through the accumulation of the “local society”. As self-government, in their opinion, should not exit outside official power, they tried to reorganize the lowest level of administrative organization in relation to this. In other words, they attempted to secure “civil political domain” (民治) against “official political domain” (官治), in the administrative organization. They actually had an intention that they made local regulations on tax collection on the one hand, and carry out land survey by themselves on the other, to take the initiative in local financial affairs.Although local self-government as a system was to stop functioning in early Republican China, the elites who tackled the problems of local self-government already at issue in late Qing period, were attaining some of their purpose in financial affairs. However, early in the period of Nanjing National government, the system they established were reorganized in the way that didn't relate to public opinion. Local elites failed to incorporate the lowest level of administrative organization organically, and their attempt to establish a new political order under their leadership had been frustrated. And this failure made them a target of the people to be overthrown as the political opposition became more serious in the local society.},
 pages = {226--263},
 title = {清末・民国初期における一在地有力者と地方政治：上海県の《郷土史料》に即して},
 volume = {80},
 year = {1998},
 yomi = {サトウ, ヨシフミ}
}