@article{oai:toyo-bunko.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005811,
 author = {清水, 和裕 and SHIMIZU, Kazuhiro},
 issue = {3・4},
 journal = {東洋学報, The Toyo Gakuho},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {In the later Abbasid period, we saw many popular riots in Baghdad. These riots must be studied in the light of the historical change of political and social systems in this period, namely the formation of a ruling system based upon military strength in the medieval Islamic history. And to that end, we must investigate and re-evaluate the mutual relation between popular movements and the political power, as in Amir al-Umara’, which was based on the military ruling system.As is typically shown in a relationship between Ibn Shirzad, who seized power in Baghdad in the early 9th century A. D., and gangsters of Ibn Hamdi, the famous robber, those in power authorized groups of violence, like these gangsters, Ayyarun and Dhu ar. And to authorize them they took every means; for example, registration to the army, distribution and official recognition to hold arms, offers to protect and the repentance by force: Tawba. By these means, they had been able to integrate these groups into their public mechanism of domination, and utilize them as military forces in time of emergency, personal forces for intrigues or assassinations, or official forces for the confiscations. On the other hand, these groups of violence had a desire for authorization to use their power openly. It was the desire for protection from the political power or influential persons, the desire for justification of their acts of violence, and sometimes the desire for military registrations, which offer them a means of livelihood and a stage to appeal their abilities. As in these groups, there were those who had been dispossessed of their chances for registration to the army, because of the change of the official military systems, and were eager to be recognized by the power. These groups satisfied their desires, when they offered their power to the authority and acted as cheap suppliers of militaristic forces. But these authorizations offered them a freehand to escalate their pillages and destructions， which lead Baghdad to fall into ruins.},
 pages = {025--050},
 title = {後期アッバース朝バグダードの暴力集団：政治権力との関わりにおいて},
 volume = {77},
 year = {1996},
 yomi = {シミズ, カズヒロ}
}