@article{oai:toyo-bunko.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004854,
 author = {永積, 昭 and NAGAZUMI, Akira},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {東洋学報, The Toyo Gakuho},
 month = {Oct},
 note = {The Dutch attempt to open the Chinese trade dates back to the beginning of the 17th century, but this necessity has become much greater since 1662 when the Dutch fort of Zeelandia in Formosa was occupied by the troop of Coxinga. This resulted in the Dutch embassy to Fukien in 1662 after six years’ absence. The author clarifies the great difference in the understandings of Emperor Shun Chih’s 順治 Edict of 1656 between the Dutch and Chinese authorities: the former regarded it as the permission of trade every eight year at a Dutch factory to be opened within the Chinese territory, whereas the latter’s intention seems to be that the trade might be carried at a building which belonged to the Chinese government. But the Chinese authority regarded the Dutch fleet as a good ally for the conquest, and even promised the Dutchmen to admit the free trade every other year on the condition that the two islands should be conquered. After the successful attack of the islands by the allied forces in November 1663, however, the Ch’ing attitude towards the Dutch embassy has undergone a change as to the proposed free trade which was utterly against its traditional policy. In other words the Dutch cooperation did not have much effect on the Ch’ing policy of Ch’ien-chieh ling 遷界令 or  the policy of transferring the coastal inhabitants to inner districts. Thus the Dutch negotiation ended in failure, because an edict issued after the conquest clearly tells us that the emperor abolished the Dutch trade which was to be done every other year according to the previous decree.This policy of Ch’ing did not change until 1684, when the Ch’ing forces finally defeated the Coxinga’s and conquered the whole Formosa. It was in 1685 that the Dutch ships were allowed to come to commit trade every five year at Canton and Fukien. Thus the author, investigating the process of negotiation through the European and Chinese sources, states that the Dutch negotiation during the sixth decade of the 17th century must be considered in a longer range of the Ch’ing policy of excluding the Coxinga’s between 1661 and 1684.},
 pages = {178--207},
 title = {鄭氏攻略をめぐるオランダ東インド会社の対清交渉（1662～1664）},
 volume = {44},
 year = {1961},
 yomi = {ナガヅミ, アキラ}
}