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As this process was helped mainly by the gentry’s privilege of the exemption from labor duties 優免, it gave rise to a difficult problem concerning the li chia chêng i 里甲正役 which still remained as a crude labor duty. It has been established that in Chekiang 浙江, where similar situation existed, the reform by land and labor duty equalization 均田均役 was introduced to solve this problem. Some instances of the Chekiang-type reform are known to have been experimented in the Kiangnan 江南 Delta part of Nanchihli 南直隷, basically consisting of a limitation on the labor-duty exemption privilege and a reorganization of the li chia 里甲 (li chang 里長) based on the area of cultivated land, but they seem to have been unsuccessful. In 1610 Hsü Min-shih 徐民式, governor of Ying-t’ien 応天, introduced a system of equalized land and labor duties in Soochow 蘇州, Changchow 常州 and Sungkiang 松江, which replaced the dead-letter regulation of 1545 with a new one setting standard for the exemption and allocated the linag i 糧役duty of transporting the collected tax in grain to the capital according to the area of the land. This reform was wholeheartedly backed by Chancellor of the Grand Secretariat Yeh Hsiang-kao 葉向高 and supported by the Tung-lin 東林 faction of the landed gentry. The landed gentry in the Kiangnan Delta was critical of this reform, however, and counterproposed a system of the t’ieh i 貼役, under which the gentry would be exempted from labor in return to rice or silver paid to those who actually undertook it. 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明末南直の蘇松常三府における均田均役法
https://toyo-bunko.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/5326
https://toyo-bunko.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/5326ad063ad3-f797-4766-8591-455b3b4f57d8
名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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gakuho01_57-3,4-03.pdf (1.8 MB)
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gakuho02_57-3,4-03e.pdf (3.8 MB)
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Item type | 学術雑誌論文 / Journal Article(1) | |||||||||||
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公開日 | 2018-07-30 | |||||||||||
タイトル | ||||||||||||
タイトル | 明末南直の蘇松常三府における均田均役法 | |||||||||||
タイトル | ||||||||||||
言語 | en | |||||||||||
タイトル | Land and Labor Duty Equalization in Soochow, Sungkiang and Changchow, Nanchihli, in the Late Ming Times | |||||||||||
言語 | ||||||||||||
言語 | jpn | |||||||||||
資源タイプ | ||||||||||||
資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||||||||
資源タイプ | journal article | |||||||||||
著者 |
濱島, 敦俊
× 濱島, 敦俊
WEKO
11995
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抄録 | ||||||||||||
内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||||||||
内容記述 | In Kiangnan in the late-Ming and early-Ch’ing times there was widespread amassing of land by the landed gentry 郷紳. As this process was helped mainly by the gentry’s privilege of the exemption from labor duties 優免, it gave rise to a difficult problem concerning the li chia chêng i 里甲正役 which still remained as a crude labor duty. It has been established that in Chekiang 浙江, where similar situation existed, the reform by land and labor duty equalization 均田均役 was introduced to solve this problem. Some instances of the Chekiang-type reform are known to have been experimented in the Kiangnan 江南 Delta part of Nanchihli 南直隷, basically consisting of a limitation on the labor-duty exemption privilege and a reorganization of the li chia 里甲 (li chang 里長) based on the area of cultivated land, but they seem to have been unsuccessful. In 1610 Hsü Min-shih 徐民式, governor of Ying-t’ien 応天, introduced a system of equalized land and labor duties in Soochow 蘇州, Changchow 常州 and Sungkiang 松江, which replaced the dead-letter regulation of 1545 with a new one setting standard for the exemption and allocated the linag i 糧役duty of transporting the collected tax in grain to the capital according to the area of the land. This reform was wholeheartedly backed by Chancellor of the Grand Secretariat Yeh Hsiang-kao 葉向高 and supported by the Tung-lin 東林 faction of the landed gentry. The landed gentry in the Kiangnan Delta was critical of this reform, however, and counterproposed a system of the t’ieh i 貼役, under which the gentry would be exempted from labor in return to rice or silver paid to those who actually undertook it. Under such circumstances, it must have been difficult for the county magistrate 知県 to enforce the new system despite the central government’s orders and encouragement, and thus very little seems to have been achieved. | |||||||||||
書誌情報 |
東洋学報 en : The Toyo Gakuho 巻 57, 号 3・4, p. 369-403, 発行日 1976-03 |
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出版者 | ||||||||||||
出版者 | 東洋文庫 | |||||||||||
書誌レコードID | ||||||||||||
収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||||||||
収録物識別子 | AN00169858 |